The case of Marlise Munoz presents a number of serious
ethical quandaries related to life, death, pregnancy, and life support. If you
haven’t read about it yet, you can do so here.
It is a very sad story, not only because of the unforeseen tragedy of
the brain death of this young mother, but also because she was fourteen weeks
pregnant at the time of her collapse. She was kept on life support by staff at
John Peter Smith hospital in Fort Worth, Texas, because of a Texas state law
requiring life-sustaining treatment for pregnant mothers. This is a sticky
wicket indeed: should the mother be kept on life support in order to preserve
the life of the fetus?
Yet in the CNN report also mentions another item, though
with no comment on its significance: apparently, the fetus was “distinctly
abnormal.” In a related report, CNN quotes a statement from the family’s
attorneys:
Even at this early stage, the lower extremities are deformed
to the extent that the gender cannot be determined. The fetus suffers from
hydrocephalus. It also appears that there are further abnormalities, including
a possible heart problem, that cannot be specifically determined due to the
immobile nature of Mrs. Munoz’s deceased body.
How are we to understand the significance of this statement?
At one level it is simply descriptive, but at another level, the statement
seems to imply that removing Ms. Munoz from life support is more acceptable
because the fetus is “abnormal.” I’ve not read or heard of anyone saying this
directly, but why report on it if it doesn’t come to bear on the ethical
decisions involved?
Few people will admit this, but the prevailing ethos in our
culture is that fetuses that demonstrate atypical traits are diminished in
value compared to those that appear typical throughout the pregnancy. This says
a great deal about how we understand human beings and their value.
Update: NBC reports that the fetus is "not viable" at the present time.
Update: NBC reports that the fetus is "not viable" at the present time.
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